![]() SEM (scanning electron microscope) results showed the changes in the morphology of films after the addition of SEO. XRD (X-ray diffraction) findings revealed a decrease in the percentage crystallinity of both types of gelatin films. Moreover, the addition of SEO increased the tensile strength (TS) of the porcine-based film, whereas bovine samples demonstrated a decrease in tensile strength. However, with the addition of EO, the thickness and water vapor permeability of bovine and porcine-based gelatin films increased. The incorporation of SEO into the films decreased the opacity, moisture content, water solubility, and elongation at break of bovine and porcine gelatin films. GCMS (Gas chromatography mass spectrometry) analysis revealed the presence of carvone (55%) and limonene (25.3%) as major components. In the present study, the effect of SEO addition was investigated on the physicochemical properties of bovine and porcine gelatin films, and antioxidant activity was assessed. Thus, edible films loaded with essential oil can be an alternative to synthetic preservatives to improve their food applications. Spearmint essential oil (SEO) is known for its potential antioxidant and antimicrobial effects nevertheless, its food applications are limited due to the volatile nature of its active components. ![]() Gelatin (bovine/porcine)-based edible films are considered as an excellent carrier for essential oils (EOs) to preserve food quality and extend their shelf life.
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